Oroantral communication: surgical strategies for closure and prevention of complications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3226Keywords:
Oroantral Communication, Oroantral Fistula, Maxillary Sinus, Surgical Flaps, Platelet-Rich FibrinAbstract
Oroantral communication (OAC) is a common complication in dental practice, particularly associated with extractions of maxillary posterior teeth, and may progress to oroantral fistula and maxillary sinusitis if not properly managed. Given the diversity of available surgical techniques and the lack of consensus in the literature, this study aimed to critically analyze the main strategies used for OAC closure and their role in preventing complications. This is an integrative literature review conducted through searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and LILACS, including studies published between 2016 and 2026. A total of 13 studies were included, comprising reviews, clinical studies, and comparative analyses. The findings indicate that the choice of surgical technique should be individualized, considering factors such as defect size, time of evolution, and the presence of sinus infection. Buccal advancement flaps show favorable outcomes in smaller defects, whereas the buccal fat pad demonstrates greater stability in larger defects. Palatal techniques are associated with better anatomical preservation but may involve increased donor-site morbidity. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) emerges as a less invasive alternative, particularly in small defects. Additionally, combined approaches addressing concomitant sinus pathology appear to reduce recurrence rates. It is concluded that no single technique is universally superior, and treatment success depends on appropriate clinical indication and control of the local biological environment. The lack of consensus reflects the multifactorial nature of the condition and highlights the need for more robust comparative studies.
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References
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