Territorial distribution of child nutritional status and hospitalizations for prevalent diseases in children under five years of age in Pará
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3408Keywords:
Child health, Child malnutrition, Primary Health CareAbstract
This study analyzed the territorial distribution of child nutritional status and hospitalizations for prevalent diseases among children under five years of age in the state of Pará, Brazil, focusing on implications for Primary Health Care (PHC) and the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. This is an ecological, observational, descriptive-analytical, and time-series study conducted using secondary data obtained from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN Web), the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS-DATASUS), and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), covering the period from 2019 to 2025. Indicators of stunting, underweight, and overweight were analyzed, as well as hospitalization rates for pneumonia, diarrhea, asthma, upper respiratory tract infections, and malnutrition among children under five years of age in municipalities in Pará. A progressive reduction in stunting and underweight indicators was observed throughout the historical series, whereas overweight prevalence remained relatively stable, evidencing the coexistence of different forms of malnutrition. Higher prevalences of nutritional vulnerability and infectious morbidities were concentrated in municipalities located in the Marajó archipelago, southwestern Pará, and areas with greater geographic barriers to health services access. A positive correlation was observed between nutritional vulnerability and higher rates of infectious morbidities. The findings indicate persistent territorial inequalities related to child health in the state of Pará, reinforcing the need to strengthen nutritional surveillance, territory-based health actions, and the qualification of PHC and IMCI strategies in socially vulnerable territories.
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References
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