Human factors and operational failures in offshore environments: implications for risk mitigation and system reliability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3395Keywords:
Human Factors, Operational Failures, Offshore, Risk Mitigation, System Reliability, Operational SafetyAbstract
The offshore oil and gas industry operates in environments characterized by high technical complexity, operational criticality, and continuous exposure to severe environmental conditions, factors that significantly increase risks associated with industrial safety and system reliability. In this context, human factors and operational failures stand out among the main elements related to accidents, operational losses, and structural integrity degradation in offshore platforms and subsea systems. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze, through a narrative literature review, the implications of human factors and operational failures for risk mitigation and the strengthening of offshore system reliability. The bibliographic survey was conducted using internationally recognized scientific databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and MDPI, covering articles published between 2017 and 2024. The results demonstrated that factors such as fatigue, cognitive overload, deficiencies in situational awareness, communication failures, and limitations in human-machine interaction directly influence the safety of offshore operations. In parallel, issues related to structural degradation, inadequate maintenance, and limitations in traditional integrity management models were also identified as significant contributors to increased operational risks. The analyzed studies further revealed substantial growth in the application of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring, and autonomous subsea systems, aimed at failure prevention and operational resilience enhancement. It is concluded that offshore safety should be understood as the result of the dynamic interaction between human, technological, organizational, and structural factors within complex sociotechnical systems, requiring integrated risk management strategies capable of improving the reliability and safety of offshore oil and gas operations.
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