Out-of-hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Federal District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3172Keywords:
Heart Arrest, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Prehospital Care, Emergency Medical ServicesAbstract
Objective: To describe the out-of-hospital care for cardiopulmonary arrest provided by the Mobile Emergency Care Service of the Federal District. Method: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, quantitative study conducted at the SAMU (Mobile Emergency Care Service) in the Federal District. The study population consisted of patients who experienced cardiorespiratory arrest in an out-of-hospital setting and were attended to by SAMU teams in the Federal District. Data were collected from the service's care records, and participants were selected using simple random sampling. The data collection instrument listed variables regarding location, response time, sociodemographic and clinical profile, circumstances, and care procedures. Results: 400 records were analyzed, of which 192 were confirmed cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), with an average of 3.2 CPAs per day and an average response time of 10.8 minutes. The sample was predominantly male, with an average age of 61.2 years and hypertension. In most cases, initial resuscitation by laypersons was not performed; Advanced Life Support was present in 131 cases, with non-shockable rhythms being predominant. Ventilation was mainly performed via orotracheal intubation, and the most frequently used drug was epinephrine. The average resuscitation time was 37.9 minutes, and the main outcome was death at the scene, for 142 patients. Conclusion: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was shown to be an event with high mortality, strongly associated with clinical and care-related factors. Variables such as comorbidities, low rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, prolonged emergency response times, and the predominance of non-shockable rhythms were associated with unfavorable outcomes. These findings highlight the need for integrated strategies, including public training and improvements in prehospital care, to enhance outcomes. Additionally, proper completion of medical records is essential to overcome limitations and support future research.
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