Revisión bibliográfica sobre redes de sensores inalámbricos aplicadas al Internet de las Cosas (IoT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v9i20.3389Palavras-chave:
Redes de sensores inalámbricos, IoT, telecomunicaciones, sensores inteligentes, redes inalámbricas, monitoreo inteligenteResumo
El crecimiento del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) ha impulsado el desarrollo de tecnologías capaces de recopilar y procesar información en tiempo real. En este contexto, las redes de sensores inalámbricos (WSN) se han convertido en herramientas fundamentales para la interconexión de dispositivos inteligentes. Estas redes permiten monitorear variables físicas y ambientales mediante nodos sensores distribuidos que se comunican inalámbricamente, facilitando la automatización de procesos en sectores como salud, agricultura, industria, transporte y ciudades inteligentes. El presente artículo realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre la evolución, funcionamiento, aplicaciones, desafíos y tendencias de las WSN integradas al IoT. Para ello, se analizaron investigaciones recientes relacionadas con protocolos de comunicación, eficiencia energética, seguridad, escalabilidad y tecnologías emergentes. Los resultados muestran que las WSN son esenciales en los ecosistemas IoT debido a su adaptabilidad, bajo consumo energético y facilidad de implementación. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos relacionados con la seguridad de los datos, la autonomía energética, la interoperabilidad y la gestión eficiente de la información. Finalmente, se concluye que tecnologías como inteligencia artificial, edge computing y redes 5G fortalecerán el rendimiento y la eficiencia de estas redes en futuras aplicaciones IoT.
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Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
